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Adverbial clause

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An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. In other words, it contains a subject (explicit or implied) and apredicate, and it modifies a verb.

§  I saw Joe when I went to the store. (explicit subject I)

§  He sat quietly in order to appear polite. (implied subject he)

According to Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk, adverbial clauses function mainly as adjuncts or disjuncts. In these functions they are like adverbial phrases, but due to their potentiality for greater explicitness, they are more often like prepositional phrases (Greenbaum andQuirk,1990):

§  We left after the speeches ended. (adverbial clause)

§  We left after the end of the speeches. (adverbial prepositional phrase)

Contrast adverbial clauses with adverbial phrases, which do not contain a clause.

§  I like to fly kites for fun.

Adverbial clauses modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. For example:

§  Hardly had I reached the station when the train started to leave the platform.

The adverbial clause in this sentence is "when the train started to leave the platform" because it is a subordinate clause and because it has the trigger word (subordinate conjunction) "when".

Contents   [hide]  ·         1 Kinds of adverbial clauses ·         2 References ·         3 Further reading ·         4 External links

[edit]Kinds of adverbial clauses

kind of clause	common conjunctions	function	example
time clauses	when, before, after, since, while, as, as long as, until,till, etc. (conjunctions that answer the question "when?"); hardly, scarcely, no sooner, etc.	These clauses are used to say when something happens by referring to a period of time or to another event.	Her goldfish died when she was young.
conditional clauses	if, unless, lest	These clauses are used to talk about a possible or counterfactual situation and its consequences.	If they lose weight during an illness, they soon regain it afterwards.
purpose clauses	in order to, so that, in order that	These clauses are used to indicate the purpose of an action.	They had to take some of his land so that they could extend the churchyard.
reason clauses	because, since, as, given	These clauses are used to indicate the reason for something.	I couldn't feel anger against himbecause I liked him too much.
result clauses	so...that	These clauses are used to indicate the result of something.	My suitcase had become so damaged on the journey homethat the lid would not stay closed.
concessive clauses	although, though, while	These clauses are used to make two statements, one of which contrasts with the other or makes it seem surprising.	I used to read a lot although I don't get much time for books now.
place clauses	where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, etc. (conjunctions that answer the question "where?")	These clauses are used to talk about the location or position of something.	He said he was happy where he was.
clauses of manner	as, like, the way	These clauses are used to talk about someone's behaviour or the way something is done.	I was never allowed to do thingsas I wanted to do them.

[edit]References

[edit]Further reading

§  Greenbaum, Sidney & Quirk, Randolph. A Student's Grammar of the English Language. Hong Kong: Longman Group (FE) Ltd, 1990.

§  Sinclair, John (editor-in-chief). Collins Cobuild English Grammar. London and Glasgow: William Collins Sons & Co ltd, 1990.

[edit]External links

§  Complex Sentences: Subordinate Clauses as Adverb Clauses

§  Adverb Clause

§  How to Use Adverb Clauses

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Adverb Clause

 PENGANTAR

Adverbial Clause adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yaknimenerangkan kata kerja.Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction(kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).Jenis-jenis Adverbial Clause antara lain:

1. Clause of Time

Clause yang menunjukkan waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction(kata penghubung) seperti after, before, no sooner, while, as, dll.Contoh:Shut the door before you go out.You may begin when(ever) you are ready.While he was walking home, he saw an accident.By the time I arrive, Alex will have left. No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

2. Clause of Place

Clause yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunctionseperti where, nowhere, anywhere, wherever, dll.Contoh:They sat down wherever they could find empty seatsThe guard stood where he was positioned.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.Go where you like.

3. Clause of Contrast (or Concession)

Clause yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yangsaling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as thetime, dll.Contoh:As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.Although it is late, we’ll stay a little longer.He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

Adverb Clause

 PENGANTAR

Adverbial Clause adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yaknimenerangkan kata kerja.Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction(kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).Jenis-jenis Adverbial Clause antara lain:

1. Clause of Time

Clause yang menunjukkan waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction(kata penghubung) seperti after, before, no sooner, while, as, dll.Contoh:Shut the door before you go out.You may begin when(ever) you are ready.While he was walking home, he saw an accident.By the time I arrive, Alex will have left. No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

2. Clause of Place

Clause yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunctionseperti where, nowhere, anywhere, wherever, dll.Contoh:They sat down wherever they could find empty seatsThe guard stood where he was positioned.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.Go where you like.

3. Clause of Contrast (or Concession)

Clause yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yangsaling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as thetime, dll.Contoh:As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.Although it is late, we’ll stay a little longer.He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

4. Clause of Manner

Clause yang menunjukkan cars bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwaterjadi. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti as,how, like, in that, dll.Contoh:He did as I told him.You may finish it how you like.They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.

5. Clause of Purpose and Result

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan maksud/tujuan dan hasil. Biasanya dibuat denganmenggunakan kata penghubung seperti (in order) that, so that, in the hope that, to the endthat, lest, in case, dll.Contoh:They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.She bought a book so (that) she could learn EnglishHe is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.

6. Clause of Cause and Effect

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.Contoh:Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.Contoh:The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.Contoh:He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.Contoh:It was such a hot day that we decided to stay indoors. ATAU It was so hot a day that wedecided to stay indoors.It was such an interesting book that he couldn't put it down. ATAU It was so interesting a book that he couldn't put it down.

SUMBER          : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adverbial_clause

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